> 1) how do I show a comprehension question once a sentence has been read (reading a sentence has no time limit)? Would /responsetrial or /branch do it by pointing to a trial with my comprehension question?
Yes. You need to set up a <trial> element that displays the question and collects the response. Then you need to adjust the /branch in
<trial MWtrial>
[...]
/ branch = [if(values.winend==expressions.inputend)trial.getstim else trial.MWtrial]
</trial>
to / branch = [if(values.winend==expressions.inputend)
trial.questiontrial else trial.MWtrial]
<trial questiontrial> then needs to /branch to trial.getstim.
> 2) sentences and comprehension questions must be linked. How can I organize the trials in a way that sentences and comprehension questions are associated (given a sentence it must follow a certain comprehension question)?
See the "How to present stimulus pairs" topic in the Inquisit documentation for details on how to link items between stimuli. The same (or some variation thereof) applies here.